Tax and Fiscal Policies for Promotion of Industrial Energy Efficiency: A Survey of International Experience

The Energy Foundation's China Sustainable Energy Program (CSEP) has undertaken a major project investigating fiscal and tax policy options for stimulating energy efficiency and renewable energy development in China. This report, which is part of the sectoral sub-project studies on energy efficiency in industry, surveys international experience with tax and fiscal policies directed toward increasing investments in energy efficiency in the industrial sector. The report begins with an overview of tax and fiscal policies,including descriptions and evaluations of programs that use energy or energy-related carbon dioxide (CO₂) taxes, pollution levies, public benefit charges, grants or subsidies,subsidized audits, loans, tax relief for specific technologies, and tax relief as part of an energy or greenhouse gas (GHG) emission tax or agreement scheme. Following the discussion of these individual policies, the report reviews experience with integrated programs found in two countries as well as with GHG emissions trading programs. The report concludes with a discussion of the "best practices" related to international experience with tax and fiscal policies to encourage investment in energy efficiency in industry.