Open building operating system: a grid-responsive semantics-driven control platform for buildings

Grid-interactive efficient buildings (GEBs) with flexible loads are a promising method to decarbonize buildings and support the grid. Despite the promising benefits of GEBs, automation systems managing flexible loads in response to grid signals are still uncommon in US commercial buildings. Recent literature showcases control solutions of this nature; however, they frequently depend on customized integrations that lack the essential tools and drivers required for scalability. To address these gaps, we created a workflow and software platform, called Open Building Operating System (OpenBOS). The software uses ASHRAE standard 223 P to improve scalability of GEB applications. It also provides access to a virtual testing environment, enabling the evaluation of control algorithms prior to their deployment in the field to mitigate the risk of system malfunctions or underperformance. Using the workflow and OpenBOS platform, two GEB applications were developed, deployed and tested in a simulated environment and a real building. Notably, the GEB applications significantly reduced energy costs by 28% and 23% respectively, compared to the baseline. Furthermore, amidst a shed event, demand savings amounted to 45% and 47%, while ensuring a minimal impact on comfort. The paper outlines insights gained and potential avenues for future research stemming from these novel tools.