%0 Journal Article
%A Curt D Puckett
%A Timothy P Hennessy
%A Grayson C Heffner
%A Charles A Goldman
%B IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
%D 2008
%G eng
%N 1
%P 204 - 212
%R https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2007.913305
%T Regional Approaches to Measurement and Verification of Load Management Programs
%U https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4435952
%V 23
%8 02/2008
%X <p><span>Conventional measurement and verification for non-interval metered, direct load control (DLC) programs bidding into wholesale electricity markets usually require a PURPA-compliant load research study. This requirement contributes to high operating costs and has been a factor in recent reductions in the amount of emergency demand response available to regional transmission system operators. This paper describes a collaborative effort by PJM members to determine whether regional modeling using pooled historical data could satisfy DLC measurement and verification (M&amp;V) requirements without sacrificing estimation accuracy. This paper also describes how PJM incorporated the regional "deemed savings estimates" into its Load Data Systems Manual. This paper concludes that regional approaches to M&amp;V could yield large cost savings for DLC resource providers around the country.</span></p>