%0 Report %K Energy efficiency %K Daylighting %K Bidirectional scattering distribution function (BSDF) %K High-performance buildings %K Model predictive controls %K Dynamic facades %K Highly insulating windows %K Ventilative façades %K Switchable glazing %A Eleanor S Lee %A Anothai Thanachareonkit %A D. D Charlie Curcija %A Gregory J Ward %A Taoning Wang %A David Geisler-Moroder %A Christoph Gehbauer %A John Breshears %A Luis L Fernandes %A Stephen E Selkowitz %A Robert Hart %A Christian Kohler %A David Blum %A Jinqing Peng %A Howdy Goudey %C Sacramento %D 2020 %G eng %I California Energy Commission %T High-Performance Integrated Window and Façade Solutions for California %U https://ww2.energy.ca.gov/2020publications/CEC-500-2020-001/CEC-500-2020-001.pdf %8 01/2020 %X

The researchers developed a new generation of high-performance façade systems and supporting design and management tools to support industry in meeting California's greenhouse gas reduction targets, reduce energy consumption, and enable an adaptable response to minimize real-time demands on the electricity grid. The project resulted in five outcomes: (1) The research team developed an R-5, 1-inch thick, triplepane, insulating glass unit with a novel low-conductance aluminum frame. This technology can help significantly reduce residential cooling and heating loads, particularly during the evening. (2) The team developed a prototype of a windowintegrated local ventilation and energy recovery device that provides clean, dry fresh air through the façade with minimal energy requirements. (3) A daylight-redirecting louver system was prototyped to redirect sunlight 15–40 feet from the window. Simulations estimated that lighting energy use could be reduced by 35–54 percent without glare. (4) A control system incorporating physics-based equations and a mathematical solver was prototyped and field tested to demonstrate feasibility. Simulations estimated that total electricity costs could be reduced by 9-28 percent on sunny summer days through adaptive control of operable shading and daylighting components and the thermostat compared to state-of-the-art automatic façade controls in commercial building perimeter zones. (5) Supporting models and tools needed by industry for technology R&D and market transformation activities were validated. Attaining California's clean energy goals require making a fundamental shift from today's ad-hoc assemblages of static components to turnkey, intelligent, responsive, integrated building façade systems. These systems offered significant reductions in energy use, peak demand, and operating cost in California.