%0 Journal Article
%A Tiefeng Liu
%A Bo Wang
%A Xingxing Gu
%A Lei Wang
%A Min Ling
%A Gao Liu
%A Dianlong Wang
%A Shanqing Zhang
%B Nano Energy
%D 2016
%G eng
%P 756 - 761
%R 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.09.024
%T All-climate sodium ion batteries based on the NASICON electrode materials
%V 30
%8 01/2016
%! Nano Energy
%X <p>In this work, we have achieved all-climate high-rate performance of sodium ion batteries by utilizing electrode materials with Na Super Ionic Conductor (NASICON) crystalline structure. A designed NASICON-structured carbon-coated Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (NVP@C) nanocomposite exhibits an excellent performance at high rates in a wide temperature range (<em>i.e</em>., from −20 to 55&nbsp;°C). Even at a low temperature of −20&nbsp;°C, the NVP@C cathode can still maintain a discharge capacity of 91.3&nbsp;mA&nbsp;h&nbsp;g<sup>−1</sup> or 85.2% of the room performance at 10<em>C</em>, and secure an average output voltage of 2.86&nbsp;V (<em>vs.</em> Na<sup>+</sup>/Na). These excellent wide-temperature accomplishments can be ascribed to fast three-dimensional Na<sup>+</sup> hopping transportation mechanism in the NASICON structure. The finding in this work offers a promising strategy to address the long-standing inherent wide-temperature issues of rechargeable batteries and extends the potential application of sodium ion batteries.</p>