%0 Journal Article
%K Iron and steel industry
%K CO2 emission reductions
%K Cost of energy saving
%K Energy-efficiency technology
%A Ali Hasanbeigi
%A William R Morrow III
%A Jayant A Sathaye
%A Eric R Masanet
%A Tengfang T Xu
%B Energy
%D 2013
%I ElSevier
%P 315-325
%R 10.1016/j.energy.2012.10.062
%T A bottom-up model to estimate the energy efficiency improvement and CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction potentials in the Chinese iron and steel industry
%V 50
%8 02/2013
%X <p>China's annual crude steel production in 2010 was 638.7&nbsp;Mt accounting for nearly half of the world's annual crude steel production in the same year. Around 461&nbsp;TWh of electricity and 14,872&nbsp;PJ of fuel were consumed to produce this quantity of steel. We identified and analyzed 23 energy efficiency technologies and measures applicable to the processes in China's iron and steel industry. Using a bottom-up electricity CSC (Conservation Supply Curve) model, the cumulative cost-effective electricity savings potential for the Chinese iron and steel industry for 2010–2030 is estimated to be 251&nbsp;TWh, and the total technical electricity saving potential is 416&nbsp;TWh. The CO<sub>2</sub> emissions reduction associated with cost-effective electricity savings is 139&nbsp;Mt CO<sub>2</sub> and the CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction associated with technical electricity saving potential is 237&nbsp;Mt CO<sub>2</sub>. The FCSC (Fuel CSC) model for the Chinese iron and steel industry shows cumulative cost-effective fuel savings potential of 11,999&nbsp;PJ, and the total technical fuel saving potential is 12,139. The CO<sub>2</sub> emissions reduction associated with cost-effective and technical fuel savings is 1191&nbsp;Mt CO<sub>2</sub> and 1205&nbsp;Mt CO<sub>2</sub>, respectively. In addition, a sensitivity analysis with respect to the discount rate used is conducted.</p>