%0 Journal Article
%K zinc oxide
%K Lasing
%K Nanowires semiconductor
%K Ordered arrays 2D
%A Peidong Yang
%A Haoquan Yan
%A Samuel S Mao
%A Richard E Russo
%A Justin Johnson
%A Richard Saykally
%A Nathan Morris
%A Johnny Pham
%A Rongrui He
%A Heon-Jin Choi
%B Advanced Functional Materials
%D 2002
%F Laser
%G eng
%M 139
%N 5
%P 323-331
%R 10.1002/1616-3028(20020517)12:5<323::AID-ADFM323>3.0.CO;2-G
%T Controlled growth of ZnO nanowires and their optical properties
%V 12
%2 LBNL-51429
%8 05/2002
%! Adv. Funct. Mater.
%X <p>This article surveys recent developments in the rational synthesis of single-crystalline zinc oxide nanowires and their unique optical properties. The growth of ZnO nanowires was carried out in a simple chemical vapor transport and condensation (CVM system. Based on our fundamental understanding of the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) nanowire growth mechanism, different levels of growth controls (including positional, orientational, diameter, and density control) have been achieved. Power-dependent emission has been examined and lasing action was observed in these ZnO nanowires when the excitation intensity exceeds a threshold (
~40 kW cm<sup>-2</sup>). These short-wavelength nanolasers operate at room temperature and the areal density of these nanolasers on substrate readily reaches 1 X 10<sup>10</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>. The observation of lasing, fabricated mirrors indicates these single-crystalline, well-facetted nanoaction in these nanowire arrays without any wires can function as self-contained optical resonance cavities. This argument is further supported by our recent near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) studies on single nanowires.</p>