%0 Journal Article
%K deposition
%K target
%K emission
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%K evaporation
%K material
%K thin-films
%K ablation
%K laser
%K laser ablation
%K laser-ablation
%K superconducting
%K vaporization
%K intensities
%K intensity
%K high-tc
%K oxide
%K time
%K ca
%K composition
%K element
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%K icp-aes
%K elements
%K emission spectrometry
%K emission-spectrometry
%K ratios
%K inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
%K picosecond
%K ablated material
%K array
%K bi
%K bi-sr-ca-cu-o
%K cuo
%K density
%K droplet
%K droplets
%K high-temperature superconductors
%K laser ablation deposition
%K laser sampling
%K nanosecond
%K oxides
%K phase
%K pulsed laser
%K pulsed-laser
%K sem
%K sr
%K steady state
%K targets
%K thermal
%K thermal vaporization
%A Wing-Tat Chan
%A Xianglei Mao
%A Richard E Russo
%B Applied Spectroscopy
%D 1992
%F Laser
%G eng
%N 6
%P 1025-1031
%T Differential Vaporization During Laser Ablation Deposition of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Superconducting Materials
%U http://www.opticsinfobase.org/as/abstract.cfm?URI=as-46-6-1025
%V 46
%2 LBNL-31914
%X <p>Nanosecond and picosecond pulsed laser ablated materials from Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconducting targets are monitored by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry with a photodiode array detector. Differential vaporization was observed; elements of the lower-melting-point oxides (Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and CuO) are enriched in the vapor phase, indicating a thermal vaporization mechanism. Melted droplets observed with SEM and enriched Ca and Sr content in the ablation crater measured with EDX support the hypothesis. A steady-state mass ablation composition after prolonged laser sampling is also observed; the ratios of intensity for Bi, Ca, and Sr to Cu are constant for power density 0.1 to 3.0 GW/cm<sup>2</sup></p>