%0 Journal Article
%K Deposition
%K Target
%K Emission
%K Power
%K Evaporation
%K Material
%K Thin films
%K Ablation
%K Laser
%K Laser ablation
%K Laser ablation
%K Superconducting
%K Vaporization
%K Intensities
%K Intensity
%K High-tc
%K Oxide
%K Time
%K Ca
%K Composition
%K Element
%K Mass
%K Sampling
%K Spectrometry
%K Constant
%K Cu
%K Ratio
%K Vapor
%K Crater
%K Mechanism
%K Icp-aes
%K Elements
%K Emission spectrometry
%K Emission spectrometry
%K Ratios
%K Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
%K Picosecond
%K Ablated material
%K Array
%K Bi
%K Bi-sr-ca-cu-o
%K Cuo
%K Density
%K Droplet
%K Droplets
%K High-temperature superconductors
%K Laser ablation deposition
%K Laser sampling
%K Nanosecond
%K Oxides
%K Phase
%K Pulsed laser
%K Pulsed laser
%K Sem
%K Sr
%K Steady state
%K Targets
%K Thermal
%K Thermal vaporization
%A Wing-Tat Chan
%A Xianglei Mao
%A Richard E Russo
%B Applied Spectroscopy
%D 1992
%F Laser
%G eng
%N 6
%P 1025-1031
%T Differential Vaporization During Laser Ablation Deposition of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Superconducting Materials
%U http://www.opticsinfobase.org/as/abstract.cfm?URI=as-46-6-1025
%V 46
%2 LBNL-31914
%X <p>Nanosecond and picosecond pulsed laser ablated materials from Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconducting targets are monitored by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry with a photodiode array detector. Differential vaporization was observed; elements of the lower-melting-point oxides (Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and CuO) are enriched in the vapor phase, indicating a thermal vaporization mechanism. Melted droplets observed with SEM and enriched Ca and Sr content in the ablation crater measured with EDX support the hypothesis. A steady-state mass ablation composition after prolonged laser sampling is also observed; the ratios of intensity for Bi, Ca, and Sr to Cu are constant for power density 0.1 to 3.0 GW/cm<sup>2</sup></p>