%0 Conference Proceedings
%K Exposure assessment
%K Environmental tobacco smoke
%K Nicotine
%K Sorption
%K Field study
%K FPM
%K Residence
%K UVPM
%A Michael G Apte
%A Lara A Gundel
%A Raymond L Dod
%A Gee-Minn Chang
%A Richard G Sextro
%B Proceedings of the Indoor Air 2002 Conference, Monterey, CA
%D 2002
%G eng
%I Indoor Air 2002, Santa Cruz, CA
%P 500-505
%T A pilot study of the  behavior of gas- and particle-phase ETS tracers in residences
%V 2
%1 <p>6</p>
%X <p>Our previous study of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in a three-room environmental chamber showed that smoking history significantly influenced inter-room ETS transport, particularly of gas-phase nicotine. We conducted a three-home pilot study where smoking was limited to one room. Single-smoker residences were monitored during five one-week periods while the smoker participated in a smoking cessation program. Nicotine traced ETS particles were detected reliably in the smoking rooms (SRs) and unreliably in the non-smoking rooms (NSRs). On average, the ventilation- and volume-normalized smoking rate, 0.1 Cigarette-h<sup>-1</sup>m<sup>-3</sup>, added about 17 and 4 µg m<sup>-3</sup> of ETS particles into the SR and NSR, while average nicotine concentration increases were 2 and 0.06 µg m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Thus, nicotine tracers may underestimate ETS particle exposure in a NSR (e.g., a child's bedroom) by a factor of 2 to 8. In other words, ETS exposure predicted from nicotine concentrations could be almost an order of magnitude lower than actual exposure.</p>