TY - JOUR
KW - Perovskite
KW - Atomic force microscopy
KW - Polarization
KW - Ferroelectric materials
KW - Nanostructures
KW - Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM)
KW - Biopolymers
KW - Chemical bonds
KW - Imaging systems
KW - Biological imaging
KW - Electromechanics
KW - Liquid imaging
KW - Switching spectroscopy
AU - S.V Kalinin
AU - S Jesse
AU - B.J Rodriguez
AU - K Seal
AU - A.P Baddorf
AU - T Zhao
AU - Y.H Chu
AU - Ramamoorthy Ramesh
AU - E.A Eliseev
AU - A.N Morozovska
AU - B Mirman
AU - E Karapetian
AB - Coupling between electrical and mechanical phenomena is ubiquitous in nature, with examples ranging from piezoelectricity in polar perovskites and chemical bonds to complex pathways of electromechanical transformations underpinning the functionality of electromotor proteins, cells, and tissues. Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) had originally emerged as a technique to study electromechanical phenomena in ferroelectric perovskites on the nanoscale. In recent years, the applicability of PFM for studying a broad range of non-ferroelectric polar materials has been demonstrated, necessitating further development of the technique, including theory of the image formation mechanism as well as probe and controller development. Here, we review the basic principles of PFM and summarize some of the recent advances, including switching spectroscopy, mapping of polarization dynamics in ferroelectric and multiferroic nanostructures, imaging of biopolymers in calcified and connective tissues and PFM in liquid environments. © 2007 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
BT - Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 1: Regular Papers and Short Notes and Review Papers
DO - 10.1143/JJAP.46.5674
LA - eng
M1 - 9 A
N1 - cited By 15
N2 - Coupling between electrical and mechanical phenomena is ubiquitous in nature, with examples ranging from piezoelectricity in polar perovskites and chemical bonds to complex pathways of electromechanical transformations underpinning the functionality of electromotor proteins, cells, and tissues. Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) had originally emerged as a technique to study electromechanical phenomena in ferroelectric perovskites on the nanoscale. In recent years, the applicability of PFM for studying a broad range of non-ferroelectric polar materials has been demonstrated, necessitating further development of the technique, including theory of the image formation mechanism as well as probe and controller development. Here, we review the basic principles of PFM and summarize some of the recent advances, including switching spectroscopy, mapping of polarization dynamics in ferroelectric and multiferroic nanostructures, imaging of biopolymers in calcified and connective tissues and PFM in liquid environments. © 2007 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
PY - 2007
SP - 5674
EP - 5685
T2 - Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 1: Regular Papers and Short Notes and Review Papers
TI - Recent advances in electromechanical imaging on the nanometer scale: Polarization dynamics in ferroelectrics, biopolymers, and liquid imaging
VL - 46
SN - 00214922
ER -