TY - JOUR
KW - Nucleation
KW - Transmission electron microscopy
KW - In situ
KW - Electric fields
KW - Multiferroics
KW - Domain walls
KW - Ferroelectric materials
KW - Polarization switching
KW - Ferroelectricity
KW - Ferroelectric domains
KW - Scanning transmission electron microscopy
KW - Multiferroic materials
KW - Ferroelectric films
KW - Ferroelastic domains
KW - Scanning probes
KW - Mesoscopics
KW - Bottom electrodes
KW - First-order
KW - In Situ Study
KW - Local electric field
KW - Nucleation and growth
KW - Nucleation sites
KW - Phase-field modeling
KW - Scanning transmission electron microscopes
KW - Spatially resolved
KW - Conductive films
KW - Scanning
AU - H Chang
AU - S.V Kalinin
AU - S Yang
AU - P Yu
AU - S Bhattacharya
AU - P.P Wu
AU - N Balke
AU - S Jesse
AU - L.Q Chen
AU - Ramamoorthy Ramesh
AU - S.J Pennycook
AU - A.Y Borisevich
AB - Ferroelectric domain nucleation and growth in multiferroic BiFeO 3 films is observed directly by applying a local electric field with a conductive tip inside a scanning transmission electron microscope. The nucleation and growth of a ferroelastic domain and its interaction with pre-existing 71° domain walls are observed and compared with the results of phase-field modeling. In particular, a preferential nucleation site and direction-dependent pinning of domain walls are observed due to slow kinetics of metastable switching in the sample without a bottom electrode. These in situ spatially resolved observations of a first-order bias-induced phase transition reveal the mesoscopic mechanisms underpinning functionality of a wide range of multiferroic materials. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.
BT - Journal of Applied Physics
DO - 10.1063/1.3623779
LA - eng
M1 - 5
N1 - cited By 41
N2 - Ferroelectric domain nucleation and growth in multiferroic BiFeO 3 films is observed directly by applying a local electric field with a conductive tip inside a scanning transmission electron microscope. The nucleation and growth of a ferroelastic domain and its interaction with pre-existing 71° domain walls are observed and compared with the results of phase-field modeling. In particular, a preferential nucleation site and direction-dependent pinning of domain walls are observed due to slow kinetics of metastable switching in the sample without a bottom electrode. These in situ spatially resolved observations of a first-order bias-induced phase transition reveal the mesoscopic mechanisms underpinning functionality of a wide range of multiferroic materials. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.
PY - 2011
T2 - Journal of Applied Physics
TI - Watching domains grow: In-situ studies of polarization switching by combined scanning probe and scanning transmission electron microscopy
VL - 110
SN - 00218979
ER -