TY - JOUR KW - Electric vehicles KW - Lithium KW - Secondary cells KW - Chromatography KW - Electrochemical electrodes KW - Raman spectra KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Solid electrolytes KW - Corrosion KW - Life testing KW - Atomic force microscopy KW - Dissociation KW - Electric impedance KW - Electrochemical analysis KW - Optical microscopy KW - Phase separation KW - Voltammetry (chemical analysis) AU - X Zhang AU - Philip N Ross AU - Robert Kostecki AU - Fanping Kong AU - Steven E Sloop AU - John B Kerr AU - Kathryn A Striebel AU - Elton J Cairns AU - Frank R McLarnon AB -

A baseline cell chemistry was identified as a carbon anode, LiNi0.8Co0.2 O2 cathode, and diethyl carbonate-ethylene carbonate LiPF6 electrolyte, and designed for high power applications. Nine 18650-size advanced technology development cells were tested under a variety of conditions. Selected diagnostic techniques such as synchrotron infrared microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, atomic force microscopy, gas chromatography, etc., were used to characterize the anode, cathode, current collectors and electrolyte taken from these cells. The diagnostic results suggest that the four factors that contribute to the cell power loss are solid electrolyte interphase deterioration and nonuniformity on the anode; morphology changes, increase of impedance, and phase separation on the cathode; pitting corrosion on the cathode current collector; and decomposition of the LiPF6 salt in the electrolyte at elevated temperature.

BT - Journal of The Electrochemical Society DA - 05/2001 DO - 10.1149/1.1362541 IS - 5 N2 -

A baseline cell chemistry was identified as a carbon anode, LiNi0.8Co0.2 O2 cathode, and diethyl carbonate-ethylene carbonate LiPF6 electrolyte, and designed for high power applications. Nine 18650-size advanced technology development cells were tested under a variety of conditions. Selected diagnostic techniques such as synchrotron infrared microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, atomic force microscopy, gas chromatography, etc., were used to characterize the anode, cathode, current collectors and electrolyte taken from these cells. The diagnostic results suggest that the four factors that contribute to the cell power loss are solid electrolyte interphase deterioration and nonuniformity on the anode; morphology changes, increase of impedance, and phase separation on the cathode; pitting corrosion on the cathode current collector; and decomposition of the LiPF6 salt in the electrolyte at elevated temperature.

PY - 2001 SP - A463 EP - A470 ST - J. Electrochem. Soc. T2 - Journal of The Electrochemical Society TI - Diagnostic Characterization of High Power Lithium-Ion Batteries for Use in Hybrid Electric Vehicles VL - 148 SN - 00134651 ER -