@article{34568,
  keywords = {modeling, labeling, efficiency, impact assessment, EPA, certification, WaterSense®},
  author = {Jonah Schein and Peter T Chan and Yuting Chen and Camilla Dunham and Heidi Fuchs and Virginie E Letschert and Michael A McNeil and Moya Melody and Sarah K Price and Hannah Stratton and Alison A Williams},
  title = {Methodology for the national water savings models– indoor residential and commercial/institutional products, and outdoor residential products},
  abstract = {<p><span>Since 2006, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has operated WaterSense® in partnership with manufacturers, utilities, and consumer groups. Similar to EPA's ENERGY STAR® role for energy-efficient products, WaterSense® employs a labeling system to identify water-efficient products, homes, and services. As of 2015, the WaterSense® program can claim credit for a total savings of 1.5 trillion gallons of water and $32.6 billion in consumer water and energy bills. Savings are tracked in the National Water Savings (NWS) model that combines innovative analyses with methodologies established in the energy sector. Merging life-cycle cost and national impact analysis models, the NWS model estimates savings from a bottom-up accounting method for individual products. The model extends those savings to the national level by employing parameters such as frequency of product use by a number of people and building type, product lifetime, stock accounting, and market saturation. The NWS model tracks the water and consumer monetary savings of WaterSense-labeled products for residential and commercial water use both indoors and out.</span></p>},
  year = {2018},
  journal = {Water Supply},
  number = {Water Supply (2019) 19 (3): 879–890},
  month = {07/2018},
  issn = {1607-0798},
  isbn = {1606-9749},
  url = {https://iwaponline.com/ws/article/19/3/879/62405/Methodology-for-the-national-water-savings-models},
  doi = {https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.136},
  language = {eng},
}