@article{34244,
  author = {Curt D Puckett and Timothy P Hennessy and Grayson C Heffner and Charles A Goldman},
  title = {Regional Approaches to Measurement and Verification of Load Management Programs},
  abstract = {<p><span>Conventional measurement and verification for non-interval metered, direct load control (DLC) programs bidding into wholesale electricity markets usually require a PURPA-compliant load research study. This requirement contributes to high operating costs and has been a factor in recent reductions in the amount of emergency demand response available to regional transmission system operators. This paper describes a collaborative effort by PJM members to determine whether regional modeling using pooled historical data could satisfy DLC measurement and verification (M&amp;V) requirements without sacrificing estimation accuracy. This paper also describes how PJM incorporated the regional "deemed savings estimates" into its Load Data Systems Manual. This paper concludes that regional approaches to M&amp;V could yield large cost savings for DLC resource providers around the country.</span></p>},
  year = {2008},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Power Systems},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {204 - 212},
  month = {02/2008},
  url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4435952},
  doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2007.913305},
  language = {eng},
}