@article{31733,
  author = {Lei Cheng and Miao Liu and Apurva Mehta and Huolin L Xin and Feng Lin and Kristin A Persson and Guoying Chen and Ethan J Crumlin and Marca M Doeff},
  title = {Garnet Electrolyte Surface Degradation and Recovery},
  abstract = {<p><span>Ceramic materials based on the garnet structure Li</span><span>7</span><span>La</span><span>3</span><span>Zr</span><span>2</span><span>O</span><span>12</span><span>&nbsp;(LLZO) show great promise as lithium-ion conducting electrolytes for solid-state lithium batteries. However, these materials exhibit surface degradation when exposed to air and moisture, which adversely impacts their functioning in operating devices. In this work, we use several depth-profiling and in situ techniques to probe the nature of the surface reactions that occur when aluminum (Al)-substituted LLZO is exposed to air. These experiments show that a proton exchange reaction occurs near the surface of the LLZO and leads to change in its chemistry and structure, concomitant with the formation of Li</span><span>2</span><span>CO</span><span>3</span><span>. But these reactions can be readily reversed by heating samples at 250 °C under an inert atmosphere to recover LLZO surface chemistry and structure. Symmetrical cells containing samples treated this way exhibited much lower area specific impedances than those containing air-exposed LLZO without the treatment, confirming the reversal of the degradation process. Our results show a process to rejuvenate LLZO surface, and this opens the possibility of integrating this material in solid-state devices.</span></p>},
  year = {2018},
  journal = {ACS Applied Energy Materials},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {7244 - 7252},
  month = {11/2018},
  issn = {2574-0962},
  doi = {10.1021/acsaem.8b01723},
  language = {eng},
}