@article{27840,
  keywords = {Pulsed laser, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Oxide film},
  author = {Aline Rougier and Kathryn A Striebel and Shi-Jie Wen and Thomas J Richardson and Ronald P Reade and Elton J Cairns},
  title = {Characterization of pulsed laser-deposited LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> thin films for rechargeable lithium batteries},
  abstract = {<p>The structure and characteristics of thin films of Li<sub><em>x</em></sub>Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinel prepared by pulsed laser deposition are reported. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS) and Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) show that the lithium content of the film is very sensitive to the conditions of deposition. A large target–substrate distance (9 cm) and a stoichiometric LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> target lead to lithium deficient films, whereas lithium excess films are obtained for a shorter target–substrate distance (5 cm) and a target prepared with excess lithium (10% excess). SEM and AFM measurements show that the films are dense and quite rough. The local structure of the films was studied by infrared spectroscopy. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy spectrum of LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> consists of 2 major bands, the positions of which depend on the thickness of the film. The evolution of the FT-IR spectrum of Li<sub><em>x</em></sub>Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> over the temperature range −150°C to 250°C clearly shows the previously reported temperature-induced Jahn–Teller distortion between O and 10°C.</p>},
  year = {1998},
  journal = {Applied Surface Science},
  volume = {134},
  pages = {107-115},
  month = {09/1998},
  issn = {01694332},
  doi = {10.1016/S0169-4332(98)00234-7},
}