@article{57908,
  keywords = {Iron and steel industry, CO2 emission reductions, Cost of energy saving, Energy-efficiency technology},
  author = {Ali Hasanbeigi and William R Morrow III and Jayant A Sathaye and Eric R Masanet and Tengfang T Xu},
  title = {A bottom-up model to estimate the energy efficiency improvement and CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction potentials in the Chinese iron and steel industry},
  abstract = {<p>China{\textquoteright}s annual crude steel production in 2010 was 638.7\&nbsp;Mt accounting for nearly half of the world{\textquoteright}s annual crude steel production in the same year. Around 461\&nbsp;TWh of electricity and 14,872\&nbsp;PJ of fuel were consumed to produce this quantity of steel. We identified and analyzed 23 energy efficiency technologies and measures applicable to the processes in China{\textquoteright}s iron and steel industry. Using a bottom-up electricity CSC (Conservation Supply Curve) model, the cumulative cost-effective electricity savings potential for the Chinese iron and steel industry for 2010{\textendash}2030 is estimated to be 251\&nbsp;TWh, and the total technical electricity saving potential is 416\&nbsp;TWh. The CO<sub>2</sub> emissions reduction associated with cost-effective electricity savings is 139\&nbsp;Mt CO<sub>2</sub> and the CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction associated with technical electricity saving potential is 237\&nbsp;Mt CO<sub>2</sub>. The FCSC (Fuel CSC) model for the Chinese iron and steel industry shows cumulative cost-effective fuel savings potential of 11,999\&nbsp;PJ, and the total technical fuel saving potential is 12,139. The CO<sub>2</sub> emissions reduction associated with cost-effective and technical fuel savings is 1191\&nbsp;Mt CO<sub>2</sub> and 1205\&nbsp;Mt CO<sub>2</sub>, respectively. In addition, a sensitivity analysis with respect to the discount rate used is conducted.</p>},
  year = {2013},
  booktitle = {Energy},
  journal = {Energy},
  series = {Energy},
  volume = {50},
  pages = {315-325},
  month = {02/2013},
  institution = {ElSevier},
  publisher = {ElSevier},
  doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2012.10.062},
}