@article{25924,
  keywords = {Inverse modeling, Atmospheric transport, Nitrous oxide},
  author = {Seongeun Jeong and Chuanfeng Zhao and Arlyn E Andrews and Edward J Dlugokencky and Colm Sweeney and Laura Bianco and James M Wilczak and Marc L Fischer},
  title = {Seasonal variations in N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from central California},
  abstract = {<p>We estimate nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions from Central California for the period of December 2007 through November 2009 by comparing N<sub>2</sub>O mixing ratios measured at a tall tower (Walnut Grove, WGC) with transport model predictions based on two global <em>a priori</em> N<sub>2</sub>O emission models (EDGAR32 and EDGAR42). Atmospheric particle trajectories and surface footprints are computed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) and Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) models. Regression analyses show that the slopes of predicted on measured N<sub>2</sub>O from both emission models are low, suggesting that actual N<sub>2</sub>O emissions are significantly higher than the EDGAR inventories for all seasons. Bayesian inverse analyses of regional N<sub>2</sub>O emissions show that posterior annual N<sub>2</sub>O emissions are larger than both EDGAR inventories by factors of 2.0 ± 0.4 (EDGAR32) and 2.1 ± 0.4 (EDGAR42) with seasonal variation ranging from 1.6 ± 0.3 to 2.5 ± 0.4 for an influence region of Central California within approximately 150 km of the tower. These results suggest that if the spatial distribution of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in California follows the EDGAR emission models, then actual emissions are 2.7 ± 0.5 times greater than the current California emission inventory, and total N<sub>2</sub>O emissions account for 8.1 ± 1.4% of total greenhouse gas emissions from California.</p>},
  year = {2012},
  journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
  volume = {39},
  doi = {10.1029/2012GL052307},
}