@article{25073,
  keywords = {Deposition, Target, Emission, Power, Evaporation, Material, Thin films, Ablation, Laser, Laser ablation, Laser ablation, Superconducting, Vaporization, Intensities, Intensity, High-tc, Oxide, Time, Ca, Composition, Element, Mass, Sampling, Spectrometry, Constant, Cu, Ratio, Vapor, Crater, Mechanism, Icp-aes, Elements, Emission spectrometry, Emission spectrometry, Ratios, Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, Picosecond, Ablated material, Array, Bi, Bi-sr-ca-cu-o, Cuo, Density, Droplet, Droplets, High-temperature superconductors, Laser ablation deposition, Laser sampling, Nanosecond, Oxides, Phase, Pulsed laser, Pulsed laser, Sem, Sr, Steady state, Targets, Thermal, Thermal vaporization},
  author = {Wing-Tat Chan and Xianglei Mao and Richard E Russo},
  title = {Differential Vaporization During Laser Ablation Deposition of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Superconducting Materials},
  abstract = {<p>Nanosecond and picosecond pulsed laser ablated materials from Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconducting targets are monitored by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry with a photodiode array detector. Differential vaporization was observed; elements of the lower-melting-point oxides (Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and CuO) are enriched in the vapor phase, indicating a thermal vaporization mechanism. Melted droplets observed with SEM and enriched Ca and Sr content in the ablation crater measured with EDX support the hypothesis. A steady-state mass ablation composition after prolonged laser sampling is also observed; the ratios of intensity for Bi, Ca, and Sr to Cu are constant for power density 0.1 to 3.0 GW/cm<sup>2</sup></p>},
  year = {1992},
  journal = {Applied Spectroscopy},
  volume = {46},
  pages = {1025-1031},
  url = {http://www.opticsinfobase.org/as/abstract.cfm?URI=as-46-6-1025},
  note = {<p>LBNL-31914 NOT IN FILE</p>},
  language = {eng},
}