@article{11716,
  author = {Dariush K Arasteh and Stephen E Selkowitz and John R Wolfe},
  title = {The Design and Testing of a Highly Insulating Glazing System for Use with Conventional Window Systems},
  abstract = {<p>In most areas of the United States, windows are by far the poorest insulating material used in buildings. As a result, approximately 3 percent of the nation{\textquoteright}s energy use is used to offset heat lost through windows. Under cold conditions, conventional double glazings create uncomfortable spaces and collect condensation. However, with the recent introduction of low-emissivity (low-E) coatings and low/conductivity gas filling to respectively reduce radiative and conductive/convective heat transfer between glazing layers, some manufacturers are beginning to offer windows with R-values (resistance to heat transfer) of 4 hr-ft<sup>2</sup> -F/Btu (0.70 m<sup>2</sup> -C/W). This papers presents designs for and analysis and test results of an insulated glass unit with a center-of-glass R-value of 8-10; approximately twice as good as gas-filled low-E units, and four times that of conventional double glazing. This high-R design starts with a conventional insulated-glass unit and adds two low-emissivity coatings, a thin glass middle glazing layer, and a Krypton or Krypton/Argon gas fill. The unit{\textquoteright}s overall width is 1 in. (25 mm) or less, consistent with most manufacturers{\textquoteright} frame and sash design requirements. Using state-of-the-art low-emissivity coatings does not significantly degrade the solar heat gain potential or visible transmittance of the window. Work to date has substantiated this concept of a high-R window although specific components require further research and engineering development. Demonstration projects, in conjunction with utilities and several major window manufacturers, are planned. This high-R window design is the subject of a DOE patent application.</p>},
  year = {1989},
  booktitle = {Journal of Solar Energy Engineering},
  journal = {Journal of Solar Energy Engineering},
  series = {Journal of Solar Energy Engineering},
  volume = {111},
  pages = {44-53},
  month = {02/1989},
  doi = {10.1115/1.3268286},
  language = {eng},
}