@article{23041,
  author = {Kevin R Gurney and Daniel L Mendoza and Yuyu Zhou and Marc L Fischer and Chris C Miller and Sarath Geethakumar and Stephane de la Rue du Can},
  title = {High resolution fossil fuel combustion CO<sub>2</sub> emission fluxes for the United States},
  abstract = {<p>Quantification of fossil fuel CO<sub>2</sub> emissions at fine space and time resolution is emerging as a critical need in carbon cycle and climate change research. As atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> measurements expand with the advent of a dedicated remote sensing platform and denser in situ measurements, the ability to close the carbon budget at spatial scales of ∼100 km<sup>2</sup> and daily time scales requires fossil fuel CO<sub>2</sub> inventories at commensurate resolution. Additionally, the growing interest in U.S. climate change policy measures are best served by emissions that are tied to the driving processes in space and time. Here we introduce a high resolution data product (the “Vulcan” inventory) that has quantified fossil fuel CO<sub>2</sub> emissions for the contiguous U.S. at spatial scales less than 100 km<sup>2</sup> and temporal scales as small as hours. This data product, completed for the year 2002, includes detail on combustion technology and 48 fuel types through all sectors of the U.S. economy. The Vulcan inventory is built from the decades of local/regional air pollution monitoring and complements these data with census, traffic, and digital road data sets. The Vulcan inventory shows excellent agreement with national-level Department of Energy inventories, despite the different approach taken by the DOE to quantify U.S. fossil fuel CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Comparison to the global 1° × 1° fossil fuel CO<sub>2</sub> inventory, used widely by the carbon cycle and climate change community prior to the construction of the Vulcan inventory, highlights the space/time biases inherent in the population-based approach.</p>},
  year = {2009},
  journal = {Environmental Science and Technology},
  volume = {43},
  pages = {5535-5541},
  month = {07/2009},
  doi = {10.1021/es900806c},
}