@article{22895,
  author = {Joseph H Eto and Jonathan G Koomey and James E McMahon and Edward P Kahn},
  title = {Integrated Analysis of Demand-Side Programs},
  abstract = {<p>We use a case study of residential appliance efficiency standards in the Nevada Power Company service territory to illustrate an integrated method for evaluating the load shape and economic impacts of demand side utility programs. The method consists of four models: the LBL Residential Energy Demand Model, the DOE-2 Building Energy Analysis Model, the LBL Residential Hourly Load and Peak Demand Model, and the LBL Utility Financial Impact Model. Load impacts are modeled from the "bottom up" with endues energy and hourly demand models. Benefits are calculated with the aid of a production cost model and methods adapted from avoided cost offers to cogenerators and small power producers. The analysis of avoided production costs explicitly considers perturbations in future supply plans resulting from demand-side load modifications. Utility and societal costs are compared to the benefits of appliance standards.</p>},
  year = {1988},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Power Systems},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {7},
  month = {11/1988},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address = {Berkeley},
  issn = {0885-8950},
  doi = {10.1109/59.192945},
}